Paper-machine



PATENTED JAN. 5, 1904.

' H. A. MOSES.

' PAPER MACHINE.

APPLICATION PILED- JULY 26, 1902.

H0 MODEL.

UNITED STATES Patented January 5, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

PAPER-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 748,973, dated January 5, 1904.

Application filed July 26,1902. Serial No. 117,064. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that I, HORACE A. MOSES, a citizenof the United States, and a resident of Springfield, in the county of Hampden and State of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Paper- Machines, of which the following is a specification.

lhe object of my invention is to provide the delivering mechanism of paper-machines and other machines with a tension-indicating device whereby the tension of the material delivered therefrom is automatically indicated, so that the tension may be altered, if desired. The operator is thereby enabled so to regulate the speed of' said paper-delivering mechanism that the frequent stopping of the machine from the breaking down of the paper is avoided and the latter is delivered under a uniform tension, thus insuring uniformity of thickness and weight throughout the strip or roll of paper so delivered and increasing the product of the machine. Through said regulation of the speed of the delivery mechanism it is possible largely to reduce the waste of the paper in trimming and finishing.

To these ends my invention consists in a paper-delivering mechanism provided with a tension-indicating device whereby the ten:

sion of the paper delivered is automatically indicated.

In the drawings forming part of this specification, Figure 1 is a perspective view illustrating the paper-delivering end of a papermachine having my improvements applied thereto, said figure showing a portion of an ordinary size-tub and the rolls thereof and strips of paper extending from said machine to said tub. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a part of said machine to which my improvements are applied.

Referring to the drawings, A indicates the end of a paper-machine on which. paper is made and from which the web or strip Qthereof is delivered. The paper here illustrated is shown slitted,and its course from the machine to and through the size-tub D to the rolls E therein which engage the paper is there clearly indicated. Two brackets I I are provided on said end A of the machine, preferably there secured by bolts, as shown.

Each

of said brackets is longitudinally slotted, as shown, or otherwise suitably constructed to provide a slight support for a shaft bearingbox at. Said brackets also provide means for holding a spring m under each of said bearing-boxes, whereby said springs afford moving or yielding support for said boxes, and the latter in turn serve as movable end bearings for the shaft of a roll K.- Each of said springs m is held in operative position between the under side of each of said shaft bearing-boxes and the lowerend of the bracket by means of a rod 0, passing therethrough, fixed on the under side of each of said boxes and having its lower end sliding through a hole in the said lower end of the bracket.

Said roll K, hung as described, is free to move up and down in a direction across the line of movement of the paper thereover, as further described. On the outer face of one or both of said brackets L are shown numerals from 1 to 30, more or less, in-

clusive, which numerals are opposite graduation-marks there shown, said figures or numerals and grad uationmarks being made upon the side of a plate R, which is secured, as shown, on the side of said brackets; but, if preferred, the said numerals and marks are made directly upon the side of the bracket.

Each of said shaft bearing-boxes 'n has a projecting point t' on the border thereof adjoining said numerals and marks, and the position of the pointer on the boxes at or near one of said graduation-marks enables the operatorto read that the strain upon the sheet of paperC, which is running over the roll K, (which is supported in said yielding supported boxes at at.) is five, ten, fifteen, or twenty pounds, more or less, according to the position of said points, and thus the operator is enabled, should more or less tension be desired, to at once regulate the machinery, so as to attach that object, or, in other words, to maintain a normal tension upon the paper. On the rear edges of said brackets I are brackets J, in which a roll is supported in fixed bearings, under which the paper from the? machine next passes after leaving the roll B on the end A of the machine, the paper passing under said roll on said brackets J and thence around and over the said roll K, and from thence to the sizing-tub D, first passing over the curved spreader G, supported on said tub, whereby the two portions of the paper are more or less separated before they reach the sizing-tub and whereby the said two portions are prevented from running one upon the other as they pass between said roll and the size-rolls, whereby the tension of the paper between said roll and the last-named rolls is increased. The course which the paper 0 takes in approaching and passing over the said rolls which are supported on said brackets I is clearly indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 2. The ordinary roll F on the said tub serves to direct the paper after leaving said spreader into the sizein said tub, from whence it is run through the size-rolls E E.

It is a well-known fact to paper-makers that the speed of the size-rolls is not the same in practice as that of the driers on a papermachine; also, that this speed must be varied for nearly every kind and weight of paper, according to the stretch or shrink of the paper as it passes through the bath of size. Up to the present time there has been no means for determining just what amount of strain or pull the paper is subjected to by the use of the ordinary expansion-pulleys which are employed to regulate the speed of the size-rolls. Attempts have heretofore been made to determine this by the looks of the paper or by tapping the top of the sheet with the fingers as it runs from the slitter to the size-tub. The strain on said paper, as shown by actual tests, may have been five pounds or two hundred pounds, and the result of such variation of strain on a sheet of paper going through a bath of hot size is easily understood by a paper-maker. It has been proven by tests that a sheet of folio will stretch one-quarter of an inch in length and be narrowed three-sixteenths of an inch in its width while going through the bath of hot size before breaking. A good machine-tender will not, if he can prevent it, allow his paper to stretch in this manner; but it is admitted by all paper-makers that the same kind of stock handled in the same manner will vary in stretch and shrinkage on the driers from one engine to another. Likewise this variation will occur at the size-roll with no way of showing or indicating the same; but, as heretofore practiced, the paper has been allowed to run as long as it did not break. By the use of my described improvements it can be seen by a single glance just what strain there is on the paper at all times, and if beyond a safe point the driving mechanism can be readjusted at once, thus preventing waste by breakage of the paper.

In using the curved spreader G, over which the paper runs before it goes into the size,as aforesaid, (which is necessary to keep it from lapping on the size-roll and in the pack,) one edge of the paper passing through the size is drawn tighter. than the other, and when there is an excessive strain on the paper by the size-roll it can be easily seen that the tight edge will stretch more than the slack edge and will dry in the loft in this condition. This quite naturally weakens the fiber and accounts for one edge on border of a sheet of paper testing stronger than the other. It also accounts for the waving thereof on the edges after being calendered. Also in going through the size one edge will stretch more than the other, and in the drying and curing process this stretch does not come back to the unstretched or less stretched side. This also accounts for the varying inconvenient action of paper when damped for lithographing. In damping the border which is the most stretched will not expand or stretch when so damped as much as the border which had the least strain in the size-rolls. This is admitted by all paper-manufacturers to be a very important matter and can be entirely overcome by the use of my improvements and watching the gage thereof, as aforesaid.

Ordinarily a machine has stationary rolls for the paper to pass over and under the slitters to the size-tub, and it is often the case that after putting the paper through the sizerolls the draw is so great that the strip is broken before it can be adjusted. With my improvements the spring m will allow the paper to pull the paper-carrying roll K down without the breaking until the machinetender can properly readjust the draw, thus preventing the frequent breaking of the paper. By using the yielding roll, as herein shown and described, the outside edge of the slitted strip of paper is kept tight, 9. much smaller trimming-shaving may be made, and the danger of winding the slitter-shaving around the size-roll and making ridges is avoided. It has been found by actual test that by the use of my improvements about fifty per cent. of the shavings ordinarily trimmed off can be saved with no extra Work to the machine-tender.

I claim- 1. A paper-delivering mechanism provided with a tension-indicating device which consists of a pair of rollers one of which is yieldingly mounted in a frame and adapted to operate an indicator, whereby the tension of the paper delivered is automatically indicated.

2. The above-described tension-indicating device for paper-machines, which consist of a pair of rollers inserted in the proper machine back of the delivering-roll, one roller of said pair being yieldingly mounted in a frame, in such manner as to yield to any increase of tension, to which the paper is subjected, and thereby to operate an indicating device, whereby the amount of said tension is shown, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a paper-machine, the combination with a roll over which the paper passes in leaving said machine, of a support for each end of said roll comprising the following instrnmentalities: abrackebhavingaslot thereproximity to said box-carried point, substanin, a roll-supporting box having thereon an tia'lly as described. indicating-point; and having a sliding movement in said slot, a rod fixed on said box and 5 passing through said slot, a spring between Witnesses:

said box and the lower end of the bracket CHARLES L. GARDNER, and graduating symbols on said bracket in EDWIN S. GARDNER.

HORACE A. MOSES. 

